LibAnswers: Referencing

Many serials have print and online equivalents (either with all details the same or with small variations, for example page numbers). Or they may just be available online or in print editions.

As always, you should reference the version that you are using. Students and tutors can access academic journal articles through password-protected institutional databases, but other readers may not have access to these.

If you accessed the journal online, you include the DOI (Digital Object Identifier) after the page numbers. Note that because the DOI is the permanent identifier for the source, it is not necessary to include an accessed date. If a DOI is not available, you should include the URL of the article and the date that you accessed it:

Surname, Initial. (Year of publication) 'Title of article', Title of Journal, Issue information, Page reference. Available at: DOI

OR

Surname, Initial. (Year of publication) 'Title of article', Title of Journal, Issue information, Page reference. Available at: URL (Accessed: date).

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